–Fool’s gold

An alternative to popular faith

I always am puzzled by the mystical faith in gold.

First, gold has minimal utility. Yes, some is used for jewelry and a bit for dentistry and electronics, but essentially gold is useless. At one time, its value was based on the same faith that supports the dollar bill. Today, its value is based on less faith than that, because the dollar at least, is supported by the U.S. government’s full faith and credit. Gold is backed by nothing.

Second, the Great Depression occurred while we were on a 100% gold standard. Some have argued that was one cause of the Depression. In any event, gold did not prevent that Depression, nor did it prevent any of the prior depressions.

Third, the current recession is being cured by the government’s unlimited ability to pump money into the economy, something that would be impossible if we were on a gold standard or on any other standard based on a physical product or “basket of products” as has been suggested.

Fourth, the U.S. government can control both the supply of, and the demand (interest rates) for, the dollar. That control over supply and demand gives the U.S. complete control over the value of the dollar. The U.S. would have little to no control over the value of gold, a serious problem when trying to control our economy.

In short, gold is one of those commodities, the value of which is based solely on faith. Just as there have been real estate bubbles, stock market bubbles, oil bubbles, tulip bulb bubbles, sugar bubbles, coffee bubbles and diamond bubbles, there have been gold bubbles, the biggest coming in 1980 and perhaps again, today.

Gold Price Chart 75-09
                        Is this the picture of another gold bubble?

The fact that people traditionally have coveted gold is irrelevant to today’s world economy. It also is irrelevant to the future safety of gold, which could disappear with the discovery of, for instance, a massive undersea or antarctic gold vein.

Because gold is supported by no nation, it is less safe than the dollar. Worse yet, it is expensive to own. While saving a dollar will earn you interest, saving gold will cost you for storage, insurance and shipping. In essence it is a wasting asset, the value of which is based on the “greater fool” theory (“A fool buys it because he expects to sell it to a greater fool.”).

We finally went off the gold standard in 1971 for a good reason: A growing economy requires a growing supply of money, and basing money on gold prevents that money growth. Had we stayed on the gold standard, the U.S. today would be bankrupt – unable to pay its bills.

Those who yearn for the good, old, gold standard days, should be careful what they wish for.

Rodger Malcolm Mitchell
http://www.rodgermitchell.com

-Debt hawks — Economics’ Chicken Littles

An alternative to popular faith

Are you too young (or too old) to remember the fable about Chicken Little, who believed the sky was falling down when an acorn fell on her head? She ran around in a panic, screaming “The sky is falling,” a now common idiom denoting an hysterical or mistaken belief that disaster is imminent.

Thus, have the debt hawks, aka Chicken Littles, been telling us for 30 years that the sky is falling, and that federal deficits will create disaster. Neither has occurred, or is likely soon, but failure of prediction neither embarrasses nor educates debt hawks.

We have arrived at a deficit of $1.4 trillion. In the past 30 years, the gross federal debt has grown an astounding 1,400%. The economy has grown, inflation has not been a problem, federal borrowing has not replaced private borrowing, countries have not refused to lend to us and because federal tax rates actually have gone down, no one’s grandchildren have paid for the $12 trillion gross debt.

The problem with debt hawks is they don’t understand money. They think of money as a scarce physical substance. It may be scarce to you and to me, but it no longer is scarce to the federal government, which since 1971, has created money at will, simply by creating T-securities from thin air, then exchanging them for the dollars it created earlier — also from thin air.

Visualize this. You go to a football game and the scoreboard reads 14 – 7. You might say one team “has” 14 points and the other team “has” 7 points. But in reality, the scoreboard merely has credited one team with 14 points and the other team with 7 points. The points are not physical things. No one “has” them.

Why is this important? Because in the economy, you and I are the teams and the government is the scoreboard. Points are not a real substance. Teams are merely credited with points. Money no longer (after we went off the gold standard) is a real substance. You and I, or more specifically, our bank accounts, merely are credited with money.

The scoreboard (government) never runs out of points. The government never runs out of the ability to credit you with dollars. The scoreboard does not need to ask either team to return some points so it can credit more points. Crediting a team with points does not reduce the scoreboard’s ability to credit more points. Crediting people or companies with money does not reduce the government’s ability to credit more money.

The scoreboard does not need to borrow points. The government does not need to borrow dollars. It as easily, safely and prudently can create dollars directly, rather than by creating and selling T-securities.

Imagine you decide to start a country from scratch. What is the first thing you will do? The people in your country need money, so you, as the government, will credit them with money. How? Perhaps by buying things from them. The people will give you material things and services; you will credit their bank accounts.

Debt hawks will call this exchange “deficit spending,” and they will demand that the people credit you, the government, back with some of the money. That’s called “taxation.” It is identical with giving the scoreboard back some points.

The scoreboard neither has nor needs points. The federal government neither has nor needs money. It never needs to be credited with money. It never needs to borrow money. It is the scoreboard. It can credit, endlessly.

The debt hawks continue to use obsolete, gold-standard thinking, from when money was a substance and was scarce to the government. Today, if the government wanted to give you $1 trillion, it simply would credit your bank account for $1 trillion, and debit its own balance sheets. Nothing physical would happen except the movement of a few electrons. The government can do this endlessly. In fact, last fiscal year, it did.

The government does not have a stash of money from which it spends. The government has no money at all. It merely credits bank accounts — yours, mine, foreign governments’.

Some may fear this can cause inflation, but the government now has absolute control over the value of its money through its control over both the supply and the demand (interest rates) for money.

The world changed in 1971, and the debt hawks have not yet understood that. Perhaps “hawk” is the wrong bird. More appropriate might be “Chicken Little.”

Rodger Malcolm Mitchell
http://www.rodgermitchell/

-To: Diane Lim Rogers of Concord Coalition


An alternative to popular faith

        Here is copy of an Email sent to Diane Lim Rogers, the chief economist of the Concord Coalition. We been trying to discover what she does, other than to parrot the Concord, debt-hawk party line. We decided to ask her for some information a real economist would know and, considering her position, want to share.
        (Frankly, we didn’t expect an answer, and as of October 30th, have not received one. Instead, she removed our comments from her blog.)

October 7, 2009

“Hello Diane,
        For the past 17 years, the Concord Coalition has been “dedicated to educating the public about the causes and consequences of federal budget deficits (and) the long-term challenges facing America’s unsustainable entitlement programs.”
        By now, you must have assembled vast amounts of evidence supporting your mission. Can you share some of your evidence showing that our admittedly large and growing deficit has adverse economic consequences and cannot support entitlement programs?
        Thank you for any enlightenment you can provide.”

Rodger Malcolm Mitchell
http://www.rodgermitchell.com

-What triggers recessions and depressions?


An alternative to popular faith

        Readers of this blog know debt growth is necessary for economic growth. The graphs and data in the various posts, for instance The federal debt and federal deficit are necessary for economic growth, show that surpluses preceded every depression in U.S. history, and reductions in debt growth preceded every recession in the past 50 years.
        While this degree of correspondence transcends coincidence, it leaves a troubling question: What is the trigger? The recession of 2001 was preceded by ten years of deficit growth reductions, while the recession of 2007 was preceded by only three. Other recessions also were preceded by varying periods of reduced deficit growth or surpluses. Similarly, the 1929 Great Depression was preceded by nine years of surpluses, while the 1819 depression was preceded by only two.
        This makes predicting a recession difficult. While running a surplus seems to be a fairly prompt causative agent for recessions or depressions, debt growth can decline for several years before a recession begins. Reduced deficit growth is a necessary detonator of recession or depression, but some other event must serve as a more immediate signal, a trigger. For example:

*The recession of 1960 may have been triggered by the Vietnam war, which began in 1959
*The 1970 recession: Possible trigger: Also may have been the Vietnam war, this time by the protests and the public realization the war was going poorly.
*The 1973 recession: Possible trigger: The first Arab oil embargo
*The 1980 recession: Possible trigger: The Iranian revolution causing another oil crisis
*The 1990 recession: Possible trigger: Desert Storm
*The 2001 recession: Possible trigger: The bursting of the “dot.com” bubble.
*The 2007 recession: Possible trigger: Collapse of the subprime mortgage market
        All recessions and depressions share one factor – reduction in debt growth – but all have had different triggers. It appears if we have only reduced deficit growth without the trigger, no recession or depression will result. And, a trigger event, without reduced deficit growth, will not cause a recession. The recession/depression bomb requires both a detonator (reduced debt growth) and a trigger.
        Triggers are difficult to evaluate (i.e., how serious they are), but as one small step toward predicting recessions we should keep in mind that a recession is far more likely during federal deficit growth rate decreases.

Rodger Malcolm Mitchell
http://www.rodgermitchell.com